Macros actually working

.dir-locals.el

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
                      ("r" save-and-find-run-script-and-compile   "run"   :color blue)
                      ("d" save-and-find-debug-script-and-compile "debug" :color blue)
                      ("t" save-and-find-test-script-and-compile  "test"  :color blue)
+                     ("o" browse-file-directory                  "open"  :color blue)
                      ("q" nil                                    "quit"  :color blue))
-                   
+
                    (define-key context-mode-map (kbd "<f2>") 'hydra-context/body))))))

.gitignore

@@ -7,3 +7,4 @@
 /bin/slime
 *.psess
 *.vspx
+todo.html

bin/pre.slime

@@ -1,128 +1,155 @@
 (define nil ())
 
-(define pe
+(define defun
-  (macro (expr)
+  (macro (@name @params :rest @body)
-    (print expr)
+    (eval (pair 'define (pair @name (pair (pair 'lambda (pair @params @body)) nil))))))
-    (print " evaluates to -> ")
+
-    (print (eval expr))
+(define defmacro
-    (print "
+  (macro (@name @params :rest @body)
-")
+    (eval (pair 'define (pair @name (pair (pair 'macro (pair @params @body)) nil))))))
+
+(defmacro pe (@expr)
+  (printf @expr "evaluates to" (eval @expr)))
+
+(defun nil? (x)
+  "Checks if the argument is nil."
+  (= x nil))
+
+(defun number? (x)
+  "Checks if the argument is a number."
+  (= (type x) :number))
+
+(defun symbol? (x)
+  "Checks if the argument is a symbol."
+  (= (type x) :symbol))
+
+(defun keyword? (x)
+  "Checks if the argument is a keyword."
+  (= (type x) :keyword))
+
+(defun pair? (x)
+  "Checks if the argument is a pair."
+  (= (type x) :pair))
+
+(defun string? (x)
+  "Checks if the argument is a string."
+  (= (type x) :string))
+
+(defun dynamic-function? (x)
+  "Checks if the argument is a function."
+  (= (type x) :dynamic-function))
+
+(defun dynamic-macro? (x)
+  "Checks if the argument is a macro."
+  (= (type x) :dynamic-macro))
+
+(defun built-in-function? (x)
+  "Checks if the argument is a built-in function."
+  (= (type x) :built-in-function))
+
+(defun apply (fun seq)
+  "Applies the funciton to the sequence, as in calls the funciton with
+ithe sequence as arguemens."
+  (eval (pair fun seq)))
+
+(defmacro when (@test :rest @body)
+  "Executes the code in :rest if test is true"
+  (if (eval @test)
+      (eval (pair prog @body))
     nil))
 
+(defmacro unless (@test :rest @body)
+  "Executes the code in :rest if test is false."
+  (if (eval @test)
+      nil
+    (eval (pair prog @body))))
 
-(define apply
+(defun end (seq)
-  (lambda (fun seq)
+  "Returns the last pair in the sqeuence."
-    (eval (pair fun seq))))
+  (if (or (nil? seq) (not (pair? (rest seq))))
+      seq
+    (end (rest seq))))
 
-(define defun
+(defun last (seq)
-  (macro (name params :rest body)
+  "Returns the (first) of the last (pair) of the given sequence."
-         (printf "name" params "params" params "body" body)
+  (first (end seq)))
-    (define name
-      (lambda (params) body))))
 
-(define when
+(defun extend (seq elem)
-  (macro (test :rest body)
+  "Extends a list with the given element, by putting it in
-    (if (eval test)
+the (rest) of the last element of the sequence."
-        (apply prog body)
+  (when (pair? seq)
-      nil)))
+    (define e (end seq))
+    (mutate e (pair (first e) elem)))
+  seq)
 
-(define unless
+(defun append (seq elem)
-  (macro (test :rest body)
+  (extend seq (pair elem nil)))
-    (if (eval test)
-        nil
-      (apply prog body))))
 
-(define nil?
+(defmacro n-times (@times @action)
-  (lambda (x)
+  (unless (<= (eval @times) 0)
-    "Checks if the argument is nil."
+    (eval @action)
-    (= x nil)))
+    (macro-define @args (pair (pair - (pair (eval @times) (pair 1 nil))) (pair @action nil)))
+    ;;  [o|o] --------------------------> [o|o] -> nil
+    ;;   |                                 |
+    ;;   V                                 V
+    ;;  [o|o] -> [o|o] -> [o|o]-> nil    action
+    ;;   |        |        |
+    ;;   V        V        V
+    ;;   -      times      1
+    (eval (pair n-times @args))))
 
-(define append
+(defun range (:keys from :defaults-to 0 to)
-  (lambda (seq elem)
+  "Returns a sequence of numbers starting with the number defined
-    (if (nil? seq)
+by the key 'from' and ends with the number defined in 'to'."
-        nil
+  (if (<= from to)
-      (if (not (= (type (rest seq)) :pair))
+      (pair from (range :from (+ 1 from) :to to))
-          ;; we are on the last element
+    nil))
-          (mutate seq (pair (first seq) elem))
-        (append (rest seq) elem)))))
 
-(define last
+(defun map (fun seq)
-  (lambda (seq)
+  "Takes a sequence and a function as arguments and returns a new
-    "Returns the last element of the given sequence."
+sequence which contains the results of using the first sequences
-    (if (nil? seq)
+elemens as argument to that function."
-        seq
+  (if (nil? seq)
-      (if (not (= (type (rest seq)) :pair))
+      seq
-          (first seq)
+    (pair (fun (first seq))
-        (last (rest seq))))))
+          (map fun (rest seq)))))
 
-(define n-times
+(defun reduce (fun seq)
-  (lambda (times action)
+  "Takes a sequence and a function as arguments and applies the
-    (if (<= times 0)
+function to the argument sequence. This only works correctly if
-        nil
+the given function accepts a variable amount of parameters. If
-      (prog
+your funciton is limited to two arguments, use `reduce-binary'
-       (eval action)
+instead."
-       (n-times (- 1 times) action)))))
+  (eval (pair fun seq)))
 
-(define range
+(defun reduce-binary (fun seq)
-  (lambda (:keys from :defaults-to 0 to)
+  "Takes a sequence and a function as arguments and applies the
-    "Returns a sequence of numbers starting with the number
-defined by the key 'from' and ends with the number defined in
-'to'."
-    (if (<= from to)
-        (pair from (range :from (+ 1 from) :to to))
-      nil)))
-
-(define map
-  (lambda (fun seq)
-    "Takes a sequence and a function as arguments and returns a
-new sequence which contains the results of using the first
-sequences elemens as argument to that function."
-    (if (nil? seq)
-        seq
-      (pair (fun (first seq))
-            (map fun (rest seq))))))
-
-(define reduce
-  (lambda (function sequence)
-    "Takes a sequence and a function as arguments and applies the
-function to the argument sequence. This only works correctly if the
-given function accepts a variable amount of parameters. If your
-funciton is limited to two arguments, use `reduce-binary' instead."
-    (apply function sequence)))
-
-(define reduce-binary
-  (lambda (function sequence)
-    "Takes a sequence and a function as arguments and applies the
 function to the argument sequence. reduce-binary applies the
 arguments `pair-wise' which means it works with binary functions
 as compared to `reduce'."
-    (if (nil? (rest sequence))
+  (if (nil? (rest seq))
-        (first sequence)
+      (first seq)
-      (function (first sequence)
+    (fun (first seq)
-                (reduce-binary (rest sequence) function)))))
+         (reduce-binary fun (rest seq)))))
 
-(define filter
+(defun filter (fun seq)
-  (lambda (function sequence)
+  (if (nil? seq)
-    (if (nil? sequence)
+      nil
-        nil
+    (if (fun (first seq))
-      (if (function (first sequence))
+        (pair (first seq)
-          (pair (first sequence)
+              (filter fun (rest seq)))
-                (filter (rest sequence) function))
+      (filter fun (rest seq)))))
-        (filter (rest sequence) function)))))
 
-(define printf-quoted
+(defmacro printf-quoted (:keys @sep :defaults-to " " @end :defaults-to "\n" :rest @args)
-  (macro (:keys sep :defaults-to " " end :defaults-to "\n" :rest args)
+  (if (nil? @args)
-    (if (nil? args)
+      (prog (print (eval @end)) nil)
-        (prog (print (eval end)) nil)
+    (prog
-      (prog
+     (print (first @args))
-       (print (first args))
+     (when (not (nil? (rest @args))) (print (eval @sep)))
-       (when (not (nil? (rest args))) (print (eval sep)))
+     (eval
-       (define command-args (list :sep (eval sep) :end (eval end)))
+      (pair printf-quoted
-       (append command-args (rest args))
+            (extend (list :@sep (eval @sep) :@end (eval @end)) (rest @args)))))))
-       (apply printf-quoted command-args)))))
 
-(define printf
+(defun printf (:keys sep :defaults-to " " end :defaults-to "\n" :rest args)
-  (lambda (:keys sep :defaults-to " " end :defaults-to "\n" :rest args)
+  (define command-args (extend (list :@sep (eval sep) :@end (eval end)) args))
-    (define command-args (list :sep (eval sep) :end (eval end)))
+  (eval (pair printf-quoted command-args)))
-    (append command-args args)
-    (apply printf-quoted command-args)))

bin/test.slime

@@ -1,4 +1,9 @@
-(define l '(1 2 3 4))
+(when 1 (breakpoint))
-(define r (rest l))
+
-(mutate r (list 100 200))
+;; (if (eval 1)
-(print l)
+;;     (apply prog ((breakpoint)))
+;;   nil))
+
+;; (if (eval 1)
+;;     (eval (pair prog ((breakpoint)))))
+;;   nil))

src/ast.c

@@ -125,6 +125,9 @@ typedef enum {
     Built_In_Rest,
     Built_In_Load,
     Built_In_Define,
+    Built_In_Let,
+    Built_In_Macro_Define,
+    Built_In_Breakpoint,
     Built_In_Mutate,
     Built_In_Lambda,
     Built_In_Macro,
@@ -147,6 +150,8 @@ char* Built_In_Name_to_string(Built_In_Name name) {
     case Built_In_Addition:       return "+";
     case Built_In_And:            return "and";
     case Built_In_Define:         return "define";
+    case Built_In_Macro_Define:   return "macro-define";
+    case Built_In_Breakpoint:     return "breakpoint";
     case Built_In_Division:       return "/";
     case Built_In_Equal:          return "=";
     case Built_In_Eval:           return "eval";
@@ -157,6 +162,7 @@ char* Built_In_Name_to_string(Built_In_Name name) {
     case Built_In_If:             return "if";
     case Built_In_Info:           return "info";
     case Built_In_Lambda:         return "lambda";
+    case Built_In_Let:            return "let";
     case Built_In_Less:           return "<";
     case Built_In_Less_Equal:     return "<=";
     case Built_In_List:           return "list";
@@ -248,36 +254,39 @@ Ast_Node* create_ast_node_keyword(char* keyword) {
 
 Ast_Node* create_ast_node_built_in_function(char* name) {
     Built_In_Name type;
-    if      (string_equal(name, "+"))      type = Built_In_Addition;
+    if      (string_equal(name, "+"))            type = Built_In_Addition;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "-"))      type = Built_In_Subtraction;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "-"))            type = Built_In_Subtraction;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "*"))      type = Built_In_Multiplication;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "*"))            type = Built_In_Multiplication;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "/"))      type = Built_In_Division;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "/"))            type = Built_In_Division;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "="))      type = Built_In_Equal;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "="))            type = Built_In_Equal;
-    else if (string_equal(name, ">"))      type = Built_In_Greater;
+    else if (string_equal(name, ">"))            type = Built_In_Greater;
-    else if (string_equal(name, ">="))     type = Built_In_Greater_Equal;
+    else if (string_equal(name, ">="))           type = Built_In_Greater_Equal;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "<"))      type = Built_In_Less;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "<"))            type = Built_In_Less;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "<="))     type = Built_In_Less_Equal;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "<="))           type = Built_In_Less_Equal;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "if"))     type = Built_In_If;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "if"))           type = Built_In_If;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "and"))    type = Built_In_And;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "and"))          type = Built_In_And;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "or"))     type = Built_In_Or;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "or"))           type = Built_In_Or;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "not"))    type = Built_In_Not;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "not"))          type = Built_In_Not;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "pair"))   type = Built_In_Pair;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "pair"))         type = Built_In_Pair;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "first"))  type = Built_In_First;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "first"))        type = Built_In_First;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "rest"))   type = Built_In_Rest;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "rest"))         type = Built_In_Rest;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "load"))   type = Built_In_Load;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "load"))         type = Built_In_Load;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "define")) type = Built_In_Define;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "let"))          type = Built_In_Let;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "mutate")) type = Built_In_Mutate;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "define"))       type = Built_In_Define;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "lambda")) type = Built_In_Lambda;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "macro-define")) type = Built_In_Macro_Define;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "macro"))  type = Built_In_Macro;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "breakpoint"))   type = Built_In_Breakpoint;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "eval"))   type = Built_In_Eval;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "mutate"))       type = Built_In_Mutate;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "quote"))  type = Built_In_Quote;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "lambda"))       type = Built_In_Lambda;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "prog"))   type = Built_In_Prog;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "macro"))        type = Built_In_Macro;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "list"))   type = Built_In_List;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "eval"))         type = Built_In_Eval;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "print"))  type = Built_In_Print;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "quote"))        type = Built_In_Quote;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "read"))   type = Built_In_Read;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "prog"))         type = Built_In_Prog;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "info"))   type = Built_In_Info;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "list"))         type = Built_In_List;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "type"))   type = Built_In_Type;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "print"))        type = Built_In_Print;
-    else if (string_equal(name, "exit"))   type = Built_In_Exit;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "read"))         type = Built_In_Read;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "info"))         type = Built_In_Info;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "type"))         type = Built_In_Type;
+    else if (string_equal(name, "exit"))         type = Built_In_Exit;
     else return nullptr;
 
     Ast_Node* node = new(Ast_Node);

src/built_ins.c

@@ -56,6 +56,78 @@ Ast_Node* built_in_equals(Ast_Node* operands) {
     return create_ast_node_number(1);
 }
 
+Ast_Node* built_in_greater(Ast_Node* operands) {
+    double last_number = strtod("Inf", NULL);
+
+    while (operands->type == Ast_Node_Type_Pair) {
+        try {
+            assert_type(operands->value.pair->first, Ast_Node_Type_Number);
+        }
+
+        if (operands->value.pair->first->value.number->value >= last_number)
+            return create_ast_node_nil();
+
+        last_number = operands->value.pair->first->value.number->value;
+        operands = operands->value.pair->rest;
+    }
+
+    return create_ast_node_number(1);
+}
+
+Ast_Node* built_in_greater_equal(Ast_Node* operands) {
+    double last_number = strtod("Inf", NULL);
+
+    while (operands->type == Ast_Node_Type_Pair) {
+        try {
+            assert_type(operands->value.pair->first, Ast_Node_Type_Number);
+        }
+
+        if (operands->value.pair->first->value.number->value > last_number)
+            return create_ast_node_nil();
+
+        last_number = operands->value.pair->first->value.number->value;
+        operands = operands->value.pair->rest;
+    }
+
+    return create_ast_node_number(1);
+}
+
+Ast_Node* built_in_less(Ast_Node* operands) {
+    double last_number = strtod("-Inf", NULL);
+
+    while (operands->type == Ast_Node_Type_Pair) {
+        try {
+            assert_type(operands->value.pair->first, Ast_Node_Type_Number);
+        }
+
+        if (operands->value.pair->first->value.number->value <= last_number)
+            return create_ast_node_nil();
+
+        last_number = operands->value.pair->first->value.number->value;
+        operands = operands->value.pair->rest;
+    }
+
+    return create_ast_node_number(1);
+}
+
+Ast_Node* built_in_less_equal(Ast_Node* operands) {
+    double last_number = strtod("-Inf", NULL);
+
+    while (operands->type == Ast_Node_Type_Pair) {
+        try {
+            assert_type(operands->value.pair->first, Ast_Node_Type_Number);
+        }
+
+        if (operands->value.pair->first->value.number->value < last_number)
+            return create_ast_node_nil();
+
+        last_number = operands->value.pair->first->value.number->value;
+        operands = operands->value.pair->rest;
+    }
+
+    return create_ast_node_number(1);
+}
+
 Ast_Node* built_in_add(Ast_Node* operands) {
     double sum = 0;
     while (operands->type == Ast_Node_Type_Pair) {

src/env.c

@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
+typedef enum {
+    Environment_Type_Let,
+    Environment_Type_Lambda,
+    Environment_Type_Macro,
+} Environment_Type;
 
 struct Environment {
     struct Environment* parent;
+    Environment_Type    type;
+
     int       capacity;
     int       next_index;
     // TODO(Felix): Use a hashmap here.
@@ -10,12 +17,12 @@ struct Environment {
 
 typedef struct Environment Environment;
 
-
+Environment* create_child_environment(Environment* parent, Environment_Type type) {
-Environment* create_child_environment(Environment* parent) {
     Environment* env = new(Environment);
 
     int start_capacity = 16;
 
+    env->type       = type;
     env->parent     = parent;
     env->capacity   = start_capacity;
     env->next_index = 0;
@@ -25,11 +32,20 @@ Environment* create_child_environment(Environment* parent) {
     return env;
 }
 
-Environment* create_empty_environment() {
+Environment* create_empty_environment(Environment_Type type) {
-    return create_child_environment(nullptr);
+    return create_child_environment(nullptr, type);
 }
 
 void define_symbol(Ast_Node* symbol, Ast_Node* value, Environment* env) {
+    if (env->type == Environment_Type_Macro) {
+        // NOTE(Felix): we know we have a parent because every
+        // environment has a parent except the top level environment.
+        // However the top level environment is not a let-environment,
+        // so we would not land here
+        define_symbol(symbol, value, env->parent);
+        return;
+    }
+
     // NOTE(Felix): right now we are simply adding the symol at the
     // back of the list without checking if it already exists but are
     // also searching for thesymbol from the back, so we will find the
@@ -47,19 +63,116 @@ void define_symbol(Ast_Node* symbol, Ast_Node* value, Environment* env) {
     ++env->next_index;
 }
 
-Ast_Node* lookup_symbol(Symbol* sym, Environment* env) {
+void define_macro_symbol(Ast_Node* symbol, Ast_Node* value, Environment* env) {
+    if (!env->type == Environment_Type_Macro) {
+        create_error(Error_Type_Unknown_Error, symbol);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    env->type = Environment_Type_Lambda;
+    define_symbol(symbol, value, env);
+    env->type = Environment_Type_Macro;
+}
+
+void print_environment(Environment* env);
+
+Ast_Node* lookup_symbol_in_this_envt(Symbol* sym, Environment* env) {
     for (int i = env->next_index - 1; i >= 0; --i)
         if (string_equal(env->keys[i], sym->identifier))
             return env->values[i];
+    return nullptr;
+}
 
-    if (env->parent)
+Ast_Node* lookup_symbol_from_lambda_env(Symbol* sym, Environment* env) {
-        return lookup_symbol(sym, env->parent);
+    Ast_Node* result;
+    do {
+        if (env->type != Environment_Type_Lambda) {
+            result = lookup_symbol_in_this_envt(sym, env);
+            if (result) return result;
+        }
+        env = env->parent;
+    } while (env);
+    return nullptr;
+}
 
-    Ast_Node* built_in = create_ast_node_built_in_function(sym->identifier);
+Ast_Node* lookup_symbol_from_let_or_macro_env(Symbol* sym, Environment* env) {
-    if (built_in)
+    Ast_Node* result;
-        return built_in;
+    do {
+        result = lookup_symbol_in_this_envt(sym, env);
+        if (result) return result;
+        if (env->type == Environment_Type_Lambda)
+            break;
+
+        env = env->parent;
+    } while (env);
+
+    if (env) {
+        do {
+            if (env->type != Environment_Type_Lambda) {
+                result = lookup_symbol_in_this_envt(sym, env);
+                if (result) return result;
+            }
+            env = env->parent;
+        } while (env);
+    }
+
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
+Ast_Node* lookup_symbol(Symbol* sym, Environment* env) {
+    // first check current environment
+    Ast_Node* result;
+    result = lookup_symbol_in_this_envt(sym, env);
+    if (result)
+        return result;
+
+    if (env->parent) {
+        if (env->type == Environment_Type_Lambda) {
+            result = lookup_symbol_from_lambda_env(sym, env->parent);
+        } else {
+            result = lookup_symbol_from_let_or_macro_env(sym, env->parent);
+        }
+
+        if (result)
+            return result;
+    }
+
+    result = create_ast_node_built_in_function(sym->identifier);
+    if (result)
+        return result;
 
     create_error(Error_Type_Symbol_Not_Defined, create_ast_node_nil());
     printf("%s\n", sym->identifier);
     return nullptr;
 }
+void print_indent(int indent) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < indent; ++i) {
+        printf(" ");
+    }
+}
+
+void print_environment_indent(Environment* env, int indent) {
+    for (int i = 0; i < env->next_index; ++i) {
+        print_indent(indent);
+        printf("%s -> ", env->keys[i]);
+        print(env->values[i]);
+        printf("\n");
+    }
+    if (env->parent) {
+        print_indent(indent);
+        printf("parent");
+        if (env->parent->type == Environment_Type_Lambda)
+            printf(" (lambda)");
+        else if (env->parent->type == Environment_Type_Macro)
+            printf(" (macro)");
+        else if (env->parent->type == Environment_Type_Let)
+            printf(" (let)");
+        printf(":\n");
+        print_environment_indent(env->parent, indent+4);
+    }
+}
+
+void print_environment(Environment* env) {
+    printf("\n=== Environment ===\n");
+    print_environment_indent(env, 0);
+}

src/error.c

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ void delete_error() {
 
 void create_error(Error_Type type, Ast_Node* location) {
     delete_error();
-
+ 
     error = new(Error);
     error->type = type;
     error->location = location;

src/eval.c

@@ -1,7 +1,12 @@
 Ast_Node* eval_expr(Ast_Node* node, Environment* env);
 
 Ast_Node* apply_arguments_to_function(Ast_Node* arguments, Function* function, Environment* parent) {
-    Environment* new_env = create_child_environment(parent);
+    // NOTE(Felix): if it is a macro, we will set it later, so we can
+    // use the default "define_symbol" method here instead of
+    // switching between "define_symbol" and "define_macro_symbol" all
+    // the time
+
+    Environment* new_env = create_child_environment(parent, Environment_Type_Lambda);
 
     // positional arguments
     for (int i = 0; i < function->positional_arguments->next_index; ++i) {
@@ -137,10 +142,16 @@ Ast_Node* apply_arguments_to_function(Ast_Node* arguments, Function* function, E
   eval_time:
     Ast_Node* result;
 
+    // don't have to check every time if it is macro environment or
+    // not
+    if (function->is_macro)
+        new_env->type = Environment_Type_Macro;
+
     try {
         result = eval_expr(function->body, new_env);
     }
 
+    free(new_env);
     return result;
 }
 
@@ -354,7 +365,7 @@ Ast_Node* eval_expr(Ast_Node* node, Environment* env) {
         create_error(_type, node);              \
         return nullptr;                         \
     }
-    
+
     if (error)
         return nullptr;
 
@@ -392,6 +403,13 @@ Ast_Node* eval_expr(Ast_Node* node, Environment* env) {
         // check for special form
         if (operator->type == Ast_Node_Type_Built_In_Function) {
             switch (operator->value.built_in_function->type) {
+            case Built_In_Breakpoint: {
+                print_environment(env);
+#ifdef _DEBUG
+                __debugbreak();
+#endif
+                return create_ast_node_nil();
+            }
             case Built_In_Macro:
             case Built_In_Lambda: {
                 /*
@@ -420,6 +438,10 @@ Ast_Node* eval_expr(Ast_Node* node, Environment* env) {
                     try {
                         parse_argument_list(arguments->value.pair->first, function);
                     }
+                } else {
+                    function->positional_arguments = create_positional_argument_list(1);
+                    function->keyword_arguments = create_keyword_argument_list(1);
+                    function->rest_argument = nullptr;
                 }
 
                 arguments = arguments->value.pair->rest;
@@ -440,6 +462,63 @@ Ast_Node* eval_expr(Ast_Node* node, Environment* env) {
                 ret->value.function = function;
                 return ret;
             }
+            case Built_In_Let: {
+                // (let ((a 10)(b 20)) (body1) (body2))
+                try {
+                    arguments_length = list_length(arguments);
+                }
+                if (arguments_length < 1)
+                    report_error(Error_Type_Wrong_Number_Of_Arguments);
+
+                Environment* let_env = create_child_environment(env, Environment_Type_Let);
+                Ast_Node* bindings = arguments->value.pair->first;
+                while (true) {
+                    if (bindings->type == Ast_Node_Type_Nil) {
+                        break;
+                    } else if (bindings->type != Ast_Node_Type_Pair) {
+                        report_error(Error_Type_Ill_Formed_Arguments);
+                    }
+                    
+                    Ast_Node* sym = bindings->value.pair->first->value.pair->first;
+                    if(sym->type != Ast_Node_Type_Symbol) {
+                        report_error(Error_Type_Ill_Formed_Arguments);
+                    }
+                    Ast_Node* rest_sym = bindings->value.pair->first->value.pair->rest;
+                    if (rest_sym->type != Ast_Node_Type_Pair) {
+                        report_error(Error_Type_Ill_Formed_Arguments);
+                    }
+                    if (rest_sym->value.pair->rest->type != Ast_Node_Type_Nil) {
+                        report_error(Error_Type_Ill_Formed_Arguments);
+                    }
+
+                    Ast_Node* value = rest_sym->value.pair->first;
+
+                    define_symbol(sym, value, let_env);
+
+                    bindings = bindings->value.pair->rest;
+                }
+
+                arguments = arguments->value.pair->rest;
+
+                Ast_Node* evaluated_arguments;
+                try {
+                    evaluated_arguments = eval_arguments(arguments, let_env, &arguments_length);
+                }
+
+                if (evaluated_arguments->type == Ast_Node_Type_Nil)
+                    return evaluated_arguments;
+
+                // skip to the last evaluated operand and return it,
+                // we use eval_arguments here instead of doing it
+                // manually, because we want to increase code reuse,
+                // but at the cost that we have to find the end of the
+                // list again
+                while (evaluated_arguments->value.pair->rest->type == Ast_Node_Type_Pair) {
+                    evaluated_arguments = evaluated_arguments->value.pair->rest;
+                }
+                return evaluated_arguments->value.pair->first;
+
+            }
             case Built_In_And: {
                 bool result = true;
                 while (arguments->type != Ast_Node_Type_Nil) {
@@ -522,6 +601,7 @@ Ast_Node* eval_expr(Ast_Node* node, Environment* env) {
                 }
                 return arguments->value.pair->first;
             }
+            case Built_In_Macro_Define:
             case Built_In_Define: {
                 try {
                     arguments_length = list_length(arguments);
@@ -531,15 +611,32 @@ Ast_Node* eval_expr(Ast_Node* node, Environment* env) {
                 }
 
                 Ast_Node* symbol = arguments->value.pair->first;
-                if (symbol->type != Ast_Node_Type_Symbol)
+
+                if (symbol->type == Ast_Node_Type_Pair) {
+                    try {
+                        symbol = eval_expr(symbol, env);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (symbol->type != Ast_Node_Type_Symbol) {
                     report_error(Error_Type_Type_Missmatch);
+                }
 
                 Ast_Node* value = arguments->value.pair->rest->value.pair->first;
+                /* print(value); */
                 try {
                     value = eval_expr(value, env);
                 }
+                /* print(value); */
 
-                define_symbol(symbol, value, env);
+                if (operator->value.built_in_function->type == Built_In_Macro_Define) {
+                    /* printf("Defining %s in the macro env to be ", symbol->value.symbol->identifier); */
+                    /* print(value); */
+
+                    define_macro_symbol(symbol, value, env);
+                }
+                else
+                    define_symbol(symbol, value, env);
 
                 return value;
             }
@@ -569,6 +666,18 @@ Ast_Node* eval_expr(Ast_Node* node, Environment* env) {
             case Built_In_Equal: {
                 return built_in_equals(evaluated_arguments);
             }
+            case Built_In_Greater: {
+                return built_in_greater(evaluated_arguments);
+            }
+            case Built_In_Greater_Equal: {
+                return built_in_greater_equal(evaluated_arguments);
+            }
+            case Built_In_Less: {
+                return built_in_less(evaluated_arguments);
+            }
+            case Built_In_Less_Equal: {
+                return built_in_less_equal(evaluated_arguments);
+            }
             case Built_In_Mutate: {
                 if (arguments_length != 2)
                     report_error(Error_Type_Wrong_Number_Of_Arguments);
@@ -685,7 +794,11 @@ Ast_Node* eval_expr(Ast_Node* node, Environment* env) {
                 Ast_Node_Type type = evaluated_arguments->value.pair->first->type;
                 switch (type) {
                 case Ast_Node_Type_Built_In_Function: return create_ast_node_keyword("built-in-function");
-                case Ast_Node_Type_Function:          return create_ast_node_keyword("dynamic-function");
+                case Ast_Node_Type_Function: {
+                    if (evaluated_arguments->value.pair->first->value.function->is_macro)
+                        return create_ast_node_keyword("dynamic-macro");
+                    return create_ast_node_keyword("dynamic-function");
+                }
                 case Ast_Node_Type_Keyword:           return create_ast_node_keyword("keyword");
                 case Ast_Node_Type_Nil:               return create_ast_node_keyword("nil");
                 case Ast_Node_Type_Number:            return create_ast_node_keyword("number");
@@ -715,8 +828,6 @@ Ast_Node* eval_expr(Ast_Node* node, Environment* env) {
 
         }
 
-        // assume it's lambda function and evaluate the arguments
-
         if (operator->type == Ast_Node_Type_Function) {
             if (!operator->value.function->is_macro) {
                 try {
@@ -732,6 +843,9 @@ Ast_Node* eval_expr(Ast_Node* node, Environment* env) {
         }
     }
     default: {
+#ifdef _DEBUG
+        __debugbreak();
+#endif
         report_error(Error_Type_Not_A_Function);
     }
     }

src/helpers.c

@@ -103,7 +103,8 @@ char* read_entire_file (char* filename) {
 
             /* Read the entire file into memory. */
             size_t newLen = fread(fileContent, sizeof(char), bufsize, fp);
-            /* fileContent[bufsize-5] = '\0'; */
+
+            fileContent[newLen] = '\0';
             if ( ferror( fp ) != 0 ) {
                 fputs("Error reading file", stderr);
             }

src/io.c

@@ -68,8 +68,10 @@ void print(Ast_Node* node) {
         printf(":%s", node->value.keyword->identifier);
     } break;
     case (Ast_Node_Type_Function): {
-        printf("[lambda]");
+        if (node->value.function->is_macro)
-        /* print(node->value.function->body); */
+            printf("[macro]");
+        else
+            printf("[lambda]");
     } break;
     case (Ast_Node_Type_Built_In_Function): {
         printf("[built-in-function %s]", Built_In_Name_to_string(node->value.built_in_function->type));

src/main.c

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ int interprete_file (char* file_content) {
         log_error();
         return 1;
     }
-    Environment* env = create_empty_environment();
+    Environment* env = create_empty_environment(Environment_Type_Let);
 
     built_in_load("pre.slime", env);
     if (error) {
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ int interprete_file (char* file_content) {
 int interprete_stdin () {
     printf("Welcome to the lispy interpreter.\n");
     char* line;
-    Environment* env = create_empty_environment();
+    Environment* env = create_empty_environment(Environment_Type_Let);
 
     built_in_load("pre.slime", env);
     if (error) {

src/parse.c

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ void eat_comment_line(char* text, int* index_in_text) {
     do {
         ++(*index_in_text);
     } while (text[(*index_in_text)] != '\n' &&
+             text[(*index_in_text)] != '\r' &&
              text[(*index_in_text)] != '\0');
 }
 
@@ -34,7 +35,8 @@ void eat_whitespace(char* text, int* index_in_text) {
     // skip whitespaces
     while (text[(*index_in_text)] == ' '  ||
            text[(*index_in_text)] == '\t' ||
-           text[(*index_in_text)] == '\n') {
+           text[(*index_in_text)] == '\n' ||
+           text[(*index_in_text)] == '\r') {
         ++(*index_in_text);
     }
 }
@@ -55,6 +57,7 @@ char* read_atom(char* text, int* index_in_text) {
            text[*index_in_text+atom_length] != '('  &&
            text[*index_in_text+atom_length] != '\0' &&
            text[*index_in_text+atom_length] != '\n' &&
+           text[*index_in_text+atom_length] != '\r' &&
            text[*index_in_text+atom_length] != '\t')
     {
         ++atom_length;
@@ -269,7 +272,8 @@ Ast_Node_Array_List* parse_program(char* text) {
         case ';':
         case ' ':
         case '\t':
-        case '\n': {
+        case '\n':
+        case '\r': {
             eat_until_code(text, &index_in_text);
         } break;
         default:

src/testing.c

@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ testresult test_eval_operands() {
     char operands_string[] = "((eval 1) (+ 1 2) \"okay\" (eval :haha))";
     Ast_Node* operands = parse_single_expression(operands_string);
     int operands_length;
-    operands = eval_arguments(operands, create_empty_environment(), &operands_length);
+    operands = eval_arguments(operands, create_empty_environment(Environment_Type_Let), &operands_length);
 
     assert_no_error(error);
     assert_equal_int(list_length(operands), 4);
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ testresult test_parse_expression() {
 testresult test_built_in_add() {
     char exp_string[] = "(+ 10 4)";
     Ast_Node* expression = parse_single_expression(exp_string);
-    Ast_Node* result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment());
+    Ast_Node* result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment(Environment_Type_Let));
 
     assert_no_error(error);
     assert_not_null(result);
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ testresult test_built_in_add() {
 testresult test_built_in_substract() {
     char exp_string[] = "(- 10 4)";
     Ast_Node* expression = parse_single_expression(exp_string);
-    Ast_Node* result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment());
+    Ast_Node* result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment(Environment_Type_Let));
 
     assert_no_error(error);
     assert_not_null(result);
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ testresult test_built_in_substract() {
 testresult test_built_in_multiply() {
     char exp_string[] = "(* 10 4)";
     Ast_Node* expression = parse_single_expression(exp_string);
-    Ast_Node* result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment());
+    Ast_Node* result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment(Environment_Type_Let));
 
     assert_no_error(error);
     assert_not_null(result);
@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ testresult test_built_in_multiply() {
 testresult test_built_in_divide() {
     char exp_string[] = "(/ 20 4)";
     Ast_Node* expression = parse_single_expression(exp_string);
-    Ast_Node* result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment());
+    Ast_Node* result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment(Environment_Type_Let));
 
     assert_null(error);
     assert_not_null(result);
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ testresult test_built_in_divide() {
 testresult test_built_in_if() {
     char exp_string1[] = "(if 1 4 5)";
     Ast_Node* expression = parse_single_expression(exp_string1);
-    Ast_Node* result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment());
+    Ast_Node* result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment(Environment_Type_Let));
 
     assert_no_error(error);
     assert_not_null(result);
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@ testresult test_built_in_if() {
 
     char exp_string2[] = "(if () 4 5)";
     expression = parse_single_expression(exp_string2);
-    result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment());
+    result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment(Environment_Type_Let));
 
     assert_no_error(error);
     assert_not_null(result);
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@ testresult test_built_in_if() {
 testresult test_built_in_and() {
     char exp_string1[] = "(and 1 \"asd\" 4)";
     Ast_Node* expression = parse_single_expression(exp_string1);
-    Ast_Node* result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment());
+    Ast_Node* result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment(Environment_Type_Let));
 
     assert_no_error(error);
     assert_not_null(result);
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ testresult test_built_in_and() {
     // a false case
     char exp_string2[] = "(and () \"asd\" 4)";
     expression = parse_single_expression(exp_string2);
-    result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment());
+    result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment(Environment_Type_Let));
 
     assert_no_error(error);
     assert_not_null(result);
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ testresult test_built_in_and() {
 testresult test_built_in_or() {
     char exp_string1[] = "(or \"asd\" nil)";
     Ast_Node* expression = parse_single_expression(exp_string1);
-    Ast_Node* result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment());
+    Ast_Node* result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment(Environment_Type_Let));
 
     assert_no_error(error);
     assert_not_null(result);
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ testresult test_built_in_or() {
     // a false case
     char exp_string2[] = "(or () ())";
     expression = parse_single_expression(exp_string2);
-    result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment());
+    result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment(Environment_Type_Let));
 
     assert_no_error(error);
     assert_not_null(result);
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ testresult test_built_in_or() {
 testresult test_built_in_not() {
     char exp_string1[] = "(not ())";
     Ast_Node* expression = parse_single_expression(exp_string1);
-    Ast_Node* result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment());
+    Ast_Node* result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment(Environment_Type_Let));
 
     // a true case
     assert_no_error(error);
@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ testresult test_built_in_not() {
     // a false case
     char exp_string2[] = "(not \"asd xD\")";
     expression = parse_single_expression(exp_string2);
-    result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment());
+    result = eval_expr(expression, create_empty_environment(Environment_Type_Let));
 
     assert_no_error(error);
     assert_not_null(result);

todo.org

@@ -1,3 +1,139 @@
+* Issues
+** DONE #001
+   CLOSED: [2018-10-26 Fr 22:36]
+
+#+begin_src lisp
+(define seq (list 1 2 3))
+(when 1 (printf seq))
+#+end_src
+
+The problem is, that =when= calls =apply= and the params of =apply= are named =fun= and =seq=. So
+when we refer to seq in =printf= then we are refering to the =apply='s argument names. Maybe a good
+solution to that is, that a child environment can never look up something in a parent macro
+environment, but will always pass through
+
+| stack depth | is macro environment | defined symbols          | scope               |
+|-------------+----------------------+--------------------------+---------------------|
+|           0 | no                   | seq nil printf apply etc |                     |
+|           1 | yes                  | test body                | (when 1 printf seq) |
+|           2 | yes                  | fun seq                  | (apply prog body)   |
+|           3 | no                   |                          | (printf seq)        |
+
+** DONE #002
+   CLOSED: [2018-10-27 Sa 13:50]
+#+begin_src lisp
+  (define l (list 1 2 3))
+  (extend l 4)
+
+  ;; === Environment ===
+  ;; current: in (apply)
+  ;; fun -> prog
+  ;; seq -> body
+  ;; parent (hidden): in (when)
+  ;;     test -> (pair? seq)
+  ;;     body -> ((define e (end seq)) (mutate e (pair (first e) elem)))
+  ;;     parent: in (extend)
+  ;;         seq  -> (1.000000 2.000000 3.000000)
+  ;;         elem -> 4.000000
+  ;;         parent: (top level)
+  ;;             nil                -> nil
+  ;;             defun              -> [macro]
+  ;;             defmacro           -> [macro]
+  ;;             pe                 -> [macro]
+  ;;             nil?               -> [lambda]
+  ;;             number?            -> [lambda]
+  ;;             symbol?            -> [lambda]
+  ;;             keyword?           -> [lambda]
+  ;;             pair?              -> [lambda]
+  ;;             string?            -> [lambda]
+  ;;             dynamic-function?  -> [lambda]
+  ;;             dynamic-macro?     -> [lambda]
+  ;;             built-in-function? -> [lambda]
+  ;;             apply              -> [macro]
+  ;;             when               -> [macro]
+  ;;             unless             -> [macro]
+  ;;             end                -> [lambda]
+  ;;             last               -> [lambda]
+  ;;             extend             -> [lambda]
+  ;;             append             -> [lambda]
+  ;;             n-times            -> [macro]
+  ;;             range              -> [lambda]
+  ;;             map                -> [lambda]
+  ;;             reduce             -> [lambda]
+  ;;             reduce-binary      -> [lambda]
+  ;;             filter             -> [lambda]
+  ;;             printf-quoted      -> [macro]
+  ;;             printf             -> [lambda]
+  ;;             l                  -> (1.000000 2.000000 3.000000)
+
+  ;; M (apply fun -> prog seq -> body)
+  ;; M (when test -> (pair? seq) body -> ((define e (end seq)) (mutate e (pair (first e) elem))))
+  ;;   (extend seq -> (1.000000 2.000000 3.000000) elem -> 4.000000)
+#+end_src
+
+The problem is that a funciton g called by a function f has access to the environment of f. This is
+a real problem.
+
+#+begin_src lisp
+(defun f ()    1)
+(defun g ()  (f))
+(defun h (f) (g))
+(h 4)
+#+end_src
+
+What *should* happen:
+ - (h 1) calls (g)
+ - (g) calls (f)
+ - (f) retunrs 1
+
+What *actually* happens:
+ - (h 1) calls (g)
+ - (g) tries to call (f) but f is not a funciton but =4=
+
+** DONE #003
+   CLOSED: [2018-10-27 Sa 15:22]
+#+begin_src lisp
+  (defmacro n-times (times action)
+    (unless (<= (eval times) 0)
+      (breakpoint)
+      (eval action)
+      (macro-define args (pair (pair - (pair (eval times) (pair 1 nil))) (pair action nil)))
+      ;;  [o|o] --------------------------> [o|o] -> nil
+      ;;   |                                 |
+      ;;   V                                 V
+      ;;  [o|o] -> [o|o] -> [o|o]-> nil    action
+      ;;   |        |        |
+      ;;   V        V        V
+      ;;   -      times      1
+      (eval (pair n-times args))))
+#+end_src
+
+ - *let* should never have access to parenting macro because =(while 2 test) -> 2.00000=
+   - Should it have access to the grandad macro?
+   - no, =(when 2 (when 3 test)) -> 2=
+
+ - in the example, =n-times= is a macro, that calls =unless=, that itself is a macro that calls the
+   content of =n-times= in a let. So of course the contents of =n-times= wont have acess to the
+   parameters to  =n-times=, which is bad.
+
+So right now the only way I see to fix this is to make maco environments accessable again, but pay
+attention on how to name macro parameters, to avoid collision, maybe a naming convention would help,
+maybe prefix with =@=
+*** Solutions:
+
+First instinct to prevent that, is that if a parent environment is a function then just pass it and
+go for their parent etc. Then we need =let= of a way to create environments that are neither macro-
+nor funciton environmetns. They will be still different though.
+
+*** Defining
+In a macro environment define will still behave differently than in a function environment. If you
+use =define= in a macro environment, it will actually be defined in the closest non-macro
+environment. If you actually want to define something in a macro environment, then use
+=macro-define=. However =define= will do the same if you are in a function or let environment.
+
+*** Looking up
+If the symbol is found on the active environment then use it. If not: Go up the environments untily
+ou find a let-environment and recurse on that.
 * Arguments
 
 In Emacs lisp, keyword arguments must be passed in the same order as they were
@@ -191,13 +327,23 @@ set to see if we are in an errornious state.
       Ast_Node_array_list body;
   } lambda;
 #+end_src
-* TODO =assert_equal_type= macro in testing
 * DONE use an enum for builtin identifiers
   CLOSED: [2018-10-11 Do 17:15]
-* TODO dont create new nils or builtins, but store one of each globally
-* TODO source code locations for errors
-* Build-in forms
 
+* TODO =assert_equal_type= macro in testing
+* TODO =t= ast node type, universal source of truth
+* TODO backquoting
+* TODO dont create new nils or builtins, but store one of each globally
+* TODO make keywords unique (binary tree)
+* TODO store all ast nodes in a huge arena
+* TODO source code locations for errors
+* TODO String error messages
+* TODO Rename macro to =special= or something
+* Build-in forms [29/30]
+** TODO info
+
+** DONE let
+   CLOSED: [2018-10-27 Sa 15:30]
 ** DONE +
    CLOSED: [2018-09-18 Di 12:14]
 ** DONE -
@@ -206,8 +352,14 @@ set to see if we are in an errornious state.
    CLOSED: [2018-09-18 Di 12:14]
 ** DONE /
    CLOSED: [2018-09-18 Di 12:14]
-** TODO >
+** DONE >
-** TODO <
+   CLOSED: [2018-10-26 Fr 23:30]
+** DONE >=
+   CLOSED: [2018-10-26 Fr 23:30]
+** DONE <
+   CLOSED: [2018-10-26 Fr 23:30]
+** DONE >=
+   CLOSED: [2018-10-26 Fr 23:30]
 ** DONE =
    CLOSED: [2018-10-21 So 00:25]
 ** DONE if
@@ -239,10 +391,12 @@ set to see if we are in an errornious state.
    CLOSED: [2018-10-21 So 00:25]
 ** DONE define
    CLOSED: [2018-10-08 Mo 20:28]
-** TODO mutateW
+** DONE mutate
+   CLOSED: [2018-10-25 Do 19:40]
 ** DONE lambda
    CLOSED: [2018-10-21 So 00:25]
-** TODO macro
+** DONE macro
+   CLOSED: [2018-10-25 Do 19:40]
 ** DONE prog
    CLOSED: [2018-10-21 So 00:25]
 ** DONE eval
@@ -279,5 +433,3 @@ set to see if we are in an errornious state.
    CLOSED: [2018-10-08 Mo 20:28]
 ** DONE type
    CLOSED: [2018-10-08 Mo 21:30]
-
-** TODO info